23 Uplifting Things to Do on Thanksgiving Day You Must Try This Year

23 Uplifting Things to Do on Thanksgiving Day You Must Try This Year Thanksgiving is one of the most brilliant and happy occasions of the year, a day to go through with your loved ones and get together for a scrumptious dinner and quiet night. Here are a few activities on the Thanksgiving day to make it vital and fun. Observing With Your Family For some families, Thanksgiving weekend is an opportunity to appreciate uncommon gatherings and happy state of mind. 1. Cook a supper. Preparing a supper with your family is a sensitive and valuable second for you and your family to recall. Its likewise an incredible method to show your appreciation and loan some assistance to the leader. 2. Watch Thanksgiving Day Parade. Marches are held in numerous urban areas and watching them on TV or, in actuality, makes this day extremely exceptional and merry. 3. Play sports. There are various medical advantages of investing energy with your family members outside. Sports exercises are valuable specifically considering a full course supper ahead. Tennis, ball or frisbee are extraordinary exercises for large families. 4. Watch an old film. Thanksgiving is an extraordinary chance to sit through and through by the TV. Your family may pick a film to observe every year and make it a decent family custom. 5. Glance through family photographs. Make this occasion somewhat nostalgic: your senior relatives will appreciate that. A portion of your relatives could even beginning asking you ungainly inquiries about your life in school. 6. Improve the table. Dont disregard extravagant napkins and candles! Excellent enhancements will set up the mind-set for delicious supper. 7. Travel to the open country. Living in a major city may be upsetting so going through an end of the week in the field is an unwinding and mending approach to celebrate. 8. Make a desire by breaking wishbone. While cutting a turkey take out a wishbone and let it dry. After the supper, two relatives pull at it and the champ makes a desire. 9. Take an interest in Turkey run race. Catch fire a few calories before the enormous supper and furthermore collect some cash for low-pay families. Observing With Your Friends Friendsgiving Being ceaselessly from home doesnt imply that Thanksgiving is dropped. Make it into Friendsgiving which will in general addition fame through a years ago. Indeed, even with poor cooking aptitudes, you can at present arrange a stunning gathering and even set up another convention among your companions. 1. Play video and tabletop games. Amusement is a significant piece of the occasion. So dont neglect to set up the rundown of games you and your companions will appreciate. One type to it's logical counterpart, Jenga, Clue are not setting aside an excessive amount of effort to play as Monopoly so are a superior decision for a pleasant night. 2. Watch yearly football match-up. On the off chance that you and your companions appreciate sports, its a smart thought to watch a games channel together and cheer for your preferred group. 3. Watch the best scenes of most loved sitcoms. Offer the scenes you appreciate the most with your companions. Occasion themed scenes will fit the most. 4. Set up an excursion. In the event that the climate is fine and you dont need to remain inside, feel free to pack for a cookout in the closest park or wood. Natural air and the magnificence of fall climate are extraordinary for dynamic games and true discussions. 5. Ride bicycles in a recreation center. Quick and dynamic ride in a recreation center can without much of a stretch consume off calories you’ve devoured this occasion end of the week and furthermore set up a positive state of mind for the remainder of the day. 6. Night wear party. Its progressively untraditional approach to observe Thanksgiving however unquestionably a pleasant one. Comfortable night wear, chilling music and delectable snacks among occasion lights will make a casual occasion state of mind. Sounds decent, doesnt it? Be that as it may, there are significantly more gathering thoughts for understudies to observe Thanksgiving Day. 7. Play football. Group dynamic games are incredible before large merry suppers. Football is a customary game for this occasion and it is enjoyable to look for those, who decide not to take an interest. Celebrating all alone Dont be discouraged on the off chance that you are praising this day without visitors. Make it a genuine occasion for yourself and do what fulfills you. 1. Take a decent snooze. Thanksgiving weekend is a great opportunity to shake off worry from contemplating and working the entire year. So set aside an effort to unwind and get a decent rest. 2. Take popcorn and watch a most loved film. Is it Scream or Batman? Snatch a major bowl of popcorn and turn on your preferred film or sitcom. 3. Go for a long stroll or ride. Here and there you truly need to new up your contemplations and strolling in the natural air is an approach to do it. What's more, its an incredible cardio work out. 4. Get ready for Black Friday. On the off chance that you are going to go out to shop on a Black Friday, make a rundown of things to purchase and shops to visit the following day. This will assist you with concentrating on things you truly need and not to be occupied on deals. 5. Volunteer. Your nearby places of worship or destitute safe houses may require some assistance, particularly during this season. You can help with preparing and serving a dinner or give excess garments to noble cause. Incidentally, did you know what number of advantages you get from chipping in? 6. Make an appreciative rundown. This is something beyond a decent custom yet the best approach to focus on parts of the past and remain positive for what's to come. So feel free to make a rundown of things that have brought you joy this year and what you are grateful for. 7. Watch Thanksgiving narrative. There are a lot of stunning recorded motion pictures about travelers and inception of Thanksgiving Day which you will discover fascinating. Make the most of your Thanksgiving and don’t neglect to give your much appreciated!

World War Two After the Depression :: WWII World War 2 Essays

     During 1940 gloom fatigued Americans trusted that the new decade would bring preferable days over the past one. War cleared Europe and Asia. Individuals started to ponder whether when war gossipy tidbits started to flood the papers. Individuals attempted to overlook the war by heading out to motion pictures, watching sports, and tuning in to music.      By mid 1940 war was not, at this point conceivable to imagine. The opportunity had arrived for residents and delegates in Washington to assume responsibility in the country's course. Noninterventionists needed to avoid the war. Numerous unassuming community individuals and provincial flks needed nothign to do with Europes undertakings. The discussion came down to whether the country was prepared or not to do battle. Americans got a handle on trust that a volunteer armed force would be all that could possibly be needed for the grieved occasions to come. Armed force Chief of Staff George Marshall didn't concur. He stated, "paper designs no longer will do the trick. The security of our nation relies upon increasingly prepared men. There is no other method to do it."      When Hitler took France Americans began to tune in to what Churchill needed to state as he was communicated over radios over the United States. The opportunity arrived for the country to follow through to its logical end. The Selective Training and Service Act was passed September 19, 1940, by right around two-to-one edge in the two places of Congress. After two days at the White House Roosevelt endorsed the demonstration.      The United States presently needed to make a move. The country would require its residents to get familiar with the craft of self-preservation in peacetime. The draft acquired men that were residents of the United States and occupant outsiders. Close to 900,000 of them could be drafted during peacetime. The main huge advance in the entirety of this was hung on October 16, 1940, a day to be known as Registration Day. There were 125,000 enrollment habitats the country over. Here the youngsters came to enroll in the Army. On enlistment day Uncle Same acquired 16,500,000 men somehow. These men were the new safeguards of the United States.      Registration Day was just a day to pave the way to the draft. The genuine draft occurred on Octobor 29, 1940. At the point when the men enlisted the country over they were given a number somewhere in the range of one and 8,500. The main number to be approached the day of the draft was 158.

What to Expect During an IEP Meeting

What to Expect During an IEP Meeting ADHD School Print IEP Meetings for Your Child in Special Education By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Updated on November 24, 2019 Hill Street Studios/Blend Images/Getty Images More in ADHD School Diagnosis Treatment Symptoms Adult ADD/ADHD Living With ADD/ADHD Parenting Once it is determined that a child is eligible for special education services, an Individualized Educational Program (IEP) must be put in place. At an IEP meeting, the decisions regarding special education and related services are made so that an individualized educational plan can be created. What Is an IEP? The IEP is a legal document that is developed by your childs educational team based on the decisions made at the IEP meeting. It documents the services needed to meet a child’s individual learning needs and describes how and where these services will be delivered. The plan will present information about your child’s present level of educational performance and will include specific, measurable annual goals your child is expected to accomplish within the year. It will also include short-term objectives to be achieved at various points during the year on the way to making progress towards the annual goals. Your childs school is required to provide each of the services and modifications or accommodations outlined in the IEP plan. Once the IEP is written, the IEP team will meet at least once a year to review progress and determine if adjustments need to be made, though it often helps to meet more frequently to review and revise the plan depending on the child’s progress. The IEP Team The following people must be invited to attend the meeting: the childs parents or legal guardian, the child him or herself if over age 14, the childs regular education teacher, a special education teacher, a school system representative, a professional who can interpret the evaluation data, and any other people with knowledge or special expertise about your child. This group of people will make up your child’s IEP team. It is most beneficial when all team members work together in a collaborative way to carry out a student’s educational plan. If you have any questions or concerns at all, don’t hesitate to bring them up during the meeting. You are an integral part of your child’s educational team. You, as the parent, truly know your child best. Your insights regarding your childâ€"his needs and strengthsâ€"are valuable and your role on the team is an essential one, so don’t be afraid to speak up and share your thoughts, ideas, and questions openly. The First Meeting Coming into the meeting, it is helpful if you prepare a list of your concerns and the main goals you have for your child during this academic year. Identify the specific areas in which your child is struggling. What are the skills you’d like to see improve? Jot down any questions you want to be resolved in the meeting. Think about how you’d like to set up regular contacts with your child’s teacher or other appropriate school staff. You may even want to request that the team meet again in two months time to review how things are going. A Word From Verywell The first IEP meeting can be an overwhelming time for any parent. There is so much new information to take in as you begin to learn more and more about special education services and how they can best benefit your child. Parent permission is needed in order for the IEP to be put into effect. If you are unsure about the plan or just want to have more time to consider it, it is perfectly fine to take it home to review and sign later. Once you feel good about and have approved of the plan, special education services can be put in place for your child.

What to Expect During an IEP Meeting

What to Expect During an IEP Meeting ADHD School Print IEP Meetings for Your Child in Special Education By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Updated on November 24, 2019 Hill Street Studios/Blend Images/Getty Images More in ADHD School Diagnosis Treatment Symptoms Adult ADD/ADHD Living With ADD/ADHD Parenting Once it is determined that a child is eligible for special education services, an Individualized Educational Program (IEP) must be put in place. At an IEP meeting, the decisions regarding special education and related services are made so that an individualized educational plan can be created. What Is an IEP? The IEP is a legal document that is developed by your childs educational team based on the decisions made at the IEP meeting. It documents the services needed to meet a child’s individual learning needs and describes how and where these services will be delivered. The plan will present information about your child’s present level of educational performance and will include specific, measurable annual goals your child is expected to accomplish within the year. It will also include short-term objectives to be achieved at various points during the year on the way to making progress towards the annual goals. Your childs school is required to provide each of the services and modifications or accommodations outlined in the IEP plan. Once the IEP is written, the IEP team will meet at least once a year to review progress and determine if adjustments need to be made, though it often helps to meet more frequently to review and revise the plan depending on the child’s progress. The IEP Team The following people must be invited to attend the meeting: the childs parents or legal guardian, the child him or herself if over age 14, the childs regular education teacher, a special education teacher, a school system representative, a professional who can interpret the evaluation data, and any other people with knowledge or special expertise about your child. This group of people will make up your child’s IEP team. It is most beneficial when all team members work together in a collaborative way to carry out a student’s educational plan. If you have any questions or concerns at all, don’t hesitate to bring them up during the meeting. You are an integral part of your child’s educational team. You, as the parent, truly know your child best. Your insights regarding your childâ€"his needs and strengthsâ€"are valuable and your role on the team is an essential one, so don’t be afraid to speak up and share your thoughts, ideas, and questions openly. The First Meeting Coming into the meeting, it is helpful if you prepare a list of your concerns and the main goals you have for your child during this academic year. Identify the specific areas in which your child is struggling. What are the skills you’d like to see improve? Jot down any questions you want to be resolved in the meeting. Think about how you’d like to set up regular contacts with your child’s teacher or other appropriate school staff. You may even want to request that the team meet again in two months time to review how things are going. A Word From Verywell The first IEP meeting can be an overwhelming time for any parent. There is so much new information to take in as you begin to learn more and more about special education services and how they can best benefit your child. Parent permission is needed in order for the IEP to be put into effect. If you are unsure about the plan or just want to have more time to consider it, it is perfectly fine to take it home to review and sign later. Once you feel good about and have approved of the plan, special education services can be put in place for your child.

Project Completion Report Example

When a company undertakes a project, it uses financial resources for a specific purpose and project completion reports are created to clarify some matters that are related to the outcomes of a project. A typical project completion report example features a number of points such as general project information, findings, administrative project closure, and recommendations. All these points have a purpose to summarize the results of a project along with pointing out some important aspects that include performance, costs, and overall evaluation. A project completion report example provides insights about the most common structure and contents of this type of professional business paper. General Project Information InGen Corp., the research and development department, has allocated $1,2 million for the project in order to develop a music player that would be the most suitable for the target audience, active people who are involved in the professional sports. Planned start date is 01/05/2017 and the planned finish date is 05/05/2017. The project funds were allocated to the temporary project team created from the inside personnel of the research and development department. The original budget was not exceeded and the planned deadline was met timely. Findings Project outcomes can be considered positive as the work group was able to identify the preferences of the target audience, which provided the required information and allowed the work group to successfully develop the most suitable design for the upcoming release of a new music player for active people. Additionally, it was found out that new design allows the company to save up to 30% of material expenses on each separate item. In order to complement the new design with an appropriate technical specifics, the company requires shrinking the size of the memory holder by 20%. As for the costs of development, the work group was able to stay within the limits of the $1,2 million budget and save $275 thousand. Saving was achieved because most celebrities that took part in the survey did not demand any kind of dividends. Administrative Project Closure After the prototype players were created, the project team delivered the blueprints to the main production line and it is capable of producing the new product without any additional adjustments or expenses. CEO confirmed that the new product meets all the requirements set by the research and development department, which allows starting the production by the end of the third quarter of 2017. During the work process, the team experienced an issue as system malfunction almost led to the information leak. Additionally, while the final list of the survey participants was already created by the start of the project, not all of them arrived. Recommendations The main recommendation for the project is to improve the stability and security of the internal network because it is not isolated this can lead to the information theft. IT department should solve the issue as soon as possible. Additionally, communications department should verify the number of participants several times before sending the final list to the project teams.

The Form and Tonal Structure of Beethoven’s Piano Sonata...

The Form and Tonal Structure of Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 8 in C minor, Op. 13, II. â€Å"Adagio cantabile† March 19, 2013 Form and Analysis Many consider Ludwig Von Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 8 in C minor, Op. 13 as his first major musical accomplishment, more commonly known as Sonata Pathetique. Written at the age of 27 in 1798, the young composer had gained instant fame and his work was published only a year later. Beethoven, being one of the first significant musicians to work for them selves, is said to have given it the title. This composition consists of three movements of which we will further examine movement II, Adagio Cantabile. This movement is placed in high contrast with the other two, particularly in tempo.†¦show more content†¦The Câ™ ­=Bâ™ ® and Eâ™ ­= Dâ™ ¯ and E=Fâ™ ­, which is â™ ­^6 of Aâ™ ­ ultimately acting as the enharmonic pivot into the flattened submediant with a PAC in m. 44 establishing the key of E major. The section carries on with a V-I confirmation of the new tonic until m. 48 where the home key of Aâ™ ­ is brought back in through the use of s econdary dominants and tension that ends the section with a HC at m. 50 and is released with the MT into the final A section. Section A’’ (mm. 51-65) repeats the MT with variation mostly in rhythmic changes leading up to the PAC in Aâ™ ­ major at m. 66 where the coda (m. 66-73) begins. The coda essentially acts as a tonic expansion with some added 9ths to the dominant as seen in m. 67 and m.69. The piece works the V-I in a decrescendo to the final PAC in Aâ™ ­ major in m. 73. Out of all of Beethoven’s works, this one arguably stands as one of his most famous. Some say it is because of the heart that was introduced by a musician that was working only for himself, others claim he simply modified Mozart themes. Either way, the form is executed perfectly in a beautiful musicalShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis of Beethoven Pathetique Sonata4398 Words   |  18 PagesAn application of Analysis of Beethoven’s ‘Pathetique’ piano sonata No. 8 inC minor, Op.13 with particular focus on musical features such as melody, thematic content, rhythm, form and structure, and harmony. Bent states that analysis is the means of answering the question, how does it work? According to Bent, analysis is a relatively young discipline â€Å"analysis as a pursuit in its own right became established during the 19th century† (Bent, 2006, p.13), although basic methods of analysis of music

Freedom Of Speech And Moral Rights - 2018 Words

The evolution of society has created a conundrum based on the statutes that govern ideologies and beliefs. The extent of globalization has presented a united front based on a collage of cultural diversity and cohesion in the development of society. However, this has generated controversy concerning the extent of freedom of speech and moral rights. The cultural diversity has provided a basis to crossover the cultural, racial, and even gender boundaries that have allowed a sense of equality in society. In hindsight, this front has promoted the decline in moral obligations leading to inaccurate accounts of cultural diversity in the interest of generate societal appraisal. Therefore, freedom of speech and moral rights has become intertwined at†¦show more content†¦However, several of the stations that were to air the episode blacked-out the scene because of the potential ramifications of showing Allah. Though the episode did not portray Allah in a negative light, the rationale o f portraying a superior being as a human is considered disrespectful to whichever religious affiliation regardless of the superior being involved. This is the case in the context of comedy in the modern era. In hindsight, comedy is based on controversial and/or negative elements. This suggests comedy must discredit one facet of life to generate comical relief to the listener, which may promote cases of racial stereotypes, societal bias, and even gender discrimination jokes that receive wide acclaim by listeners based on the delivery and dexterity of the joke. This is a blend of freedom of speech and moral rights; however, the context of the freedom of speech may infringe on the ideologies of people leading to people adopting the rationale presented by a comedian. Happiness is the ideal aspect that leads to prosperity. Comedy is a foundation of happiness for people who choose to value comedy as a source of happiness. However, becoming fixated on comedy leads to embracing comical ideologies as a way of life. This leads to confrontations such as the French cartoonists and the Muslim extremists, which implies that there are

Documenting the American Promise the Brown Decision free essay sample

Documenting The American Promise: The Brown Decision. 1. Q: What reasons did the Supreme Court give in favor of desegregation? What reasons did black students give for wanting to attend integrated schools? How do these reasons differ? 1. A: One of the reasons the supreme court gave in favor of desegregation is because they felt the need to substitute their personal political and social ideas for the established law of the land. Also contrary to the Constitution, the supreme Court believed segregation was destroying the amicable relations between whites and negro races that have been created through ninety years of good people of both races. Better education, more sports and having new opportunities were the reasons black students wanted to attend integrated schools. The reasons differ because the supreme court thought that having the whites and blacks together would bring social and personal ideas along with getting along and still getting their education but once the black students came to the school, their were no white students left and only three teachers and one principal left. We will write a custom essay sample on Documenting the American Promise: the Brown Decision or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The students found obsticles to their full participation in sports. 2. Q: What arguments did the southern legislator make against the Supreme Court decision? Did they question its power to make the decision or the content of the decision itself? . A: The arguments the southern legislator had against the Supreme Court was to disagree with the courts decision of intergrated schools.

My Cafe free essay sample

Saudi Cafe Three days ago, I got a great idea about Saudi cafe in Gainesville. This is a new business here in Gainesville. This cafe will be a unique business of its kind here. The business will provide a good idea about Saudi culture and customs. When you come to the cafe, it will draw your attention to distinctive Saudi design. You will see pictures on the walls about life in Saudi. You will smell the odor of incense and east perfumes mixed with Arabic coffee. All waiters should dress in special Saudi clothes. The business will be designed as Saudi design like seats, wall, and light. This business sells Saudi drinks which are special and delicious. There are also dates and date cakes. We will offer a good price to attract customers. We will advertise on the radio and have gave t-shirt with the logo of the business. Also, it is very important from the beginning to choose the appropriate location for the shoot attract attention customers. We will write a custom essay sample on My Cafe or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My goals are to present a good image of my country. Also, I want to provide a comfortable place for relaxing and enjoying a good drink. In the future, I plan to register my business as a franchise. Then I will open other branches and extend the activity of my business. I intend to make my business take part in charity work. I want to have many customers and provide services to satisfy the customers. Finally, this is a dream business for me in Gainesville. I know that business started from zero and then grew. I know that good business need planning and determination. I wish to achieve my dream as I planned. I shall endeavor to make a successful business.

Dutchman summary essays

Dutchman summary essays LeRoi Jones "Duchman" was first presented at The Cherry Lane Theatre, New York City on March 24, 1964. Dutchman takes place "in the flying underbelly of the city" in a subway train. It is about a conflict between middleclass black male and a flirtitious white women. LeRoi Jones main focus is on racial discrimination and racial hatred. Twenty year old Clay, a Black man is riding the train. The train slow after a while, Clay exchange a smile with an unknown face on the platform and then started reading his magzine again. Then train roars, Lula Thirty-year-old tall, beautiful women enters the train. She stops beside Clay and takes the seat next to him[Clay]. Clay is the representative of the assimilation faced by many of the black middle class through white`s like Lula. She seems to hate Clay, explaining him that he has a "type" she has often seen. She guesses that he has a black friend named Warren Enright with "phony english accent" and She also comments on his dress by questioning him that "what right you have to be wearing a three-button suit and stripped tie, your grandfather was a slave, he did`nt go to Harvard". Lula insists Clay that she knows the truth about him that his clothes won`t hide his blackness. He can`t be free from heritage of slavery and she can`t be free from the heritage of oppression. Lula direct the flow of conversation through out the first half of the play. Only after Clay express a sexual intreast in Lula, she fall mute. In scene two Clay become more Black. Lula was dancing in the aisle," you middleclass bastard. you would-be Christian. you ain`t no niger, you`re just a dirty white man". Clay finally answer her back. He slap her across her mouth as hard as he can. Clay know that it is insane to conceal his blackness, either he can continue his insanity in this white world or he can releive his insanity by murder. But he chooses to s ...

Discuss how Market-Led Strategies can Help Business to Drive Growth Essay

Discuss how Market-Led Strategies can Help Business to Drive Growth and Sustain Competitive Advantage - Essay Example Every business company is constituted by the large number of departments pertaining to marketing, finance, operations, human resources and the like. Again the business company in order to exist in the region or stated market need to operate based on some clear-cut objectives. The objectives of the business in total are required to match the objectives of the different departments or business units operating in the particular company. Thus the different business units are departments are required to operate and work out their policies in such a manner as to help in meeting the objectives of the concern as a whole. Hence if the business leader of the company focuses on devising strategies that would help in gaining a larger market share and profitability growth the work of the production, finance, marketing and operation departments needs to be streamlined in such direction also. Thereby it is found that effective orientation of the business policies of each of the several departments or business units would help the company to achieve its stated objectives (Graham, H., 2008, p8). Use of Market Led Strategy in Different Businesses Market United States Market Harrah’s Entertainment is a United States based company operating in the Casino Game sector. The company is found to operate on a business strategy that focuses on the changing demands of the consumers in the market. Harrah’s Entertainment that operates based on a set of 26 casinos spread around 13 states is found to take resort of a customer loyalty program help gain the advantage of a niche consumer base. A through market research was conducted by the company to help gain information about potential consumer needs in order to design the loyalty program accordingly. The business through the devising of its customer loyalty program gained the potential of both business growth and profitability where only around 26 percent of the consumers contributed to 82 percent of its total business revenues (Cravens, D.W. and Piercy, H.F., 2006, p.133). European Market In regards to the European market the case of Toyota can be traced where the company during the 1990s was facing heavy downturn owing to its sedentary and dull image. The company focused on its competitor, Volkswagen decided of

Multinational Advertising Agency Research Paper

Multinational Advertising Agency - Research Paper Example Ad agencies are present in a variety of sizes from small shops managed by one or at maximum two persons to large multinational, multi agency conglomerates for instance Omnicom group, Interpublic Group of companies, WPP group, and also Havas. A national advertising agency generally have only one or two major clients and their accounts are maintained by them. The multinational advertising agency is one which generally have an enormous client base spread across the country or the world (enotes, â€Å"Selecting a particular advertising agency†). Role of multinational ad agencies is to accelarate growth of the economy along with the creation of public awareness.The service obtained from these type of agencies are very much personalized in its nature and provides professional and experienced services for its international clients.This agencies are the important means of communication between global business entities and its customers (Scribd, â€Å"Functions of Advertising Gencies†). The basic role of a multinational ad agency is to manage accounts of its clients across the world, provide creative services, and get media access for them. Since the World War II the well documented developments in the field of communication has been noticed with the growth of multinational corporations as the global enterprises. As compared to the computers and satellites, the new form of the communication system i.e. the multinational ad agencies have been able to establish its importance in the horizon of the corporations (Wiley, â€Å"The Growth of Multinational Advertise Agencies in Latin America†). The benefits that are obtained using the advertising agencies add significance to it. The benefits are like-the agencies contribute added expertise in solving the purpose of its business. They provide media knowledge as well as unbiased recommendation and suggestions. Communication and strong marketing decisions are the two most important

Pulmonary Hypertension And Physical Therapy Health And Social Care Essay

Pulmonary Hypertension And Physical Therapy Health And Social Care Essay The aim of this study is to clarify physical therapys role in rehabilitating pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients, by explaining PH with regard to its history, etiology, prevalence, anatomy of pulmonary arteries, definition, subgroups, patophysiology, its causes, how it is diagnosed, and its signs and symptoms. History  Ã‚   Pulmonary Hypertension was first discovered in 1981 by Dr. Ernst Von (4), but it was already getting attention in 1970s in Europe (3), and in the 1990s PH arise again in the United States along with the release of weight loss drugs (3). The natural history of  primary pulmonary hypertension  was evaluated in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) registry from 1981-1987. Of the 194 patients included in the study, 63% were female and 37% were male. The mean age was 36 years, with no ethnic differences. The median survival after diagnosis was 2.5 years (2). Etiology Pulmonary hypertension can be a result of many conditions and drugs. These include: left heart failure (diastolic dysfunction), parenchymal lung disease with hypoxia, sleep apnea, connective tissue disorders, and pulmonary embolism (1). In addition using appetite suppressants such as fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine may be associated with an increased risk of P.H.; also cocaine or amphetamine ingestion may be another contributing factor (2). Prevalence One study has shown that the frequency of PH in adults is predicted to increase, based on the high proportion of pulmonary hypertensionrelated deaths and hospitalizations has occurred among adults aged >65 years, especially if the patient was diagnosed with chronic heart failure (6). Another study has indicated that PH is still rare, with a prevalence of 30-50 cases per million (7); the rate of primary pulmonary hypertension  is approximately 2 cases per million individuals in the general population; while secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension  is dependent on its etiology (2). Most of cases of primary PH are sporadic, but 10% of them are familial (2). According to the World Health Organization, idiopathic PAH is rare and has a prevalence of 6 per million in France. PAH that is associated with other conditions has prevalence of 15 per million (15); idiopathic PAH accounts for at least of 40% of cases, and associated PAH for most of the remaining cases. IPAH is twice as common in women as in men, with a mean age of diagnosis of 36 years (7). This prevalence is higher in specific risk groups: 0.5%, in HIV infected-patient, 0.5%, in patients with  sickle cell disease, and up to 16% in patients with systemic sclerosis (7). Pulmonary hypertension Pulmonary arteries It is critical to know the anatomy of the pulmonary arteries (PA), so the patho-physiology can be understood; the pulmonary arterys function is to carry venous blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs (9). It is one of the terminal branches of pulmonary trunk, and it is divided into the right PA and left PA (8). The RPA is longer than the LPA. The LPA pierces the  pericardium and enters the hilum of the left lung, but the RPA passes transversely across the midline in the upper chest and passes below the  aortic arch  to enter the hilum of the right lung(8). Definition PH is defined as high blood pressure in the lungs arteries and the right side of the heart (10), which can damage the lungs irreversibly, and cause failure of right ventricle(8). In normal individuals, the pressure in the pulmonary arteries is lower than the pressure in the systemic circulation, and if it has increased abnormally, it is considered as PH, which is due to constricted or stiffening of the pulmonary arteries (11). PH groups A patient, who has pulmonary artery pressure which is higher than 25 mm Hg at rest, and more than 30 mm Hg during activity, is considered to have PH (12). The world health organization has divided PH in to five groups (12). The five group classification is a new system, because PH used to be classified into primary PH and secondary PH (12). This new system is based on the underlying cause of PH (12). The first group of PH is pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); it is divided into three subtypes: familial PH, idiopathic PH, and associated PH (1). Familial PAH is inherited and a person has it in his/her genes from parents (12). Idiopathic PAH has no known cause (12). The last subtype is the associated PAH, which is caused by different conditions, such as congenital heart disease, HIV infection, diet medications, drugs, toxins, portal hypertension, thyroid disorders, and connective tissue disorders (1, 12). The second group is PH with left heart disease (1, 11, 12). The problems that affect the left side of the heart are valvular heart disorders (mitral valve disease), and atrial or ventricular heart disorders (chronic high blood pressure) (11, 12). The third group is PH associated with lung disorders, hypoxemia, or both. These lung conditions can be alveolar hypoventilation disorders, COPD, chronic exposure to high altitude, developmental abnormalities, interstitial lung disease, or sleep-disordered breathing. The fourth group is pulmonary hypertension which is due to chronic thrombotic or embolic disorders, and it includes nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism (tumors, parasites, and foreign materials), thromboembolic obstruction of distal or proximal pulmonary arteries, and sickle cell anemia (1, 12). The fifth and last group of PH is the miscellaneous type (due to vario us other diseases or conditions), such as compression of pulmonary vessels by adenopathy, fibrosing mediastinitis, lymphangiomatosis, pulmonary langerhans cell granulomatosis (histiocytosis), sarcoidosis, or tumors (1, 12). Pathophysiology of PH As mentioned previously, PH occurs when the systolic and mean pressures in the pulmonary arteries exceed 30- 20 mm Hg, respectively (2). At some point, it hypertrophizes smooth muscles, remodels vascular walls and vasoconstricts vessels (1); this vasoconstriction is a result of increased activity of thromboxane and endothlin-1, which are considered as vasoconstrictors, and decreased activity of prostacycylin and nitric oxide as vasodilators (1). These changes and the imbalance in the production of endothelial-derived vasoactive-mediators are both vital for the causation of PH (13). The PH physiologic mechanism is either an increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) or increased pulmonary venous pressure (PVP) (1). The damage of the pulmonary vascular bed or vasocnstriction due to hypoxia can lead to increased PVR, but vascular obstruction can cause PVP to increase, and increased PVP will further injure the endothelium (1), and that will develop dysfunction of the pulmonary vascula r endothelium, which may worsen PH (13), because injury on the endothelium will activate coagulation at its intimal surface (1). Causes PH is the result of variety of factors and conditions, although in the case of idiopathic PH, the causes are not known (1, 12). Lung and heart disorders are the most common cause of PH(1). Examples are emphysema, failure of left heart ventricle, recurrent pulmonary embolism (1,12), scleredoma,(12), mitral valve disease, (13), pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, sarcoidosis, Langerhans cell granulomatosis (histiocytosis), neurologic diseases involving the respiratory muscles (1), chronic low blood oxygen levels with  sleep apnea. Left-sided heart failure as a cause of PH will not happen unless one of the heart valves does not work properly, the left ventricle is stressed by high blood pressure, or a heart attack or some other disorder involving the heart diminishes the ability of heart muscle to pump (1). Pulmonary and lung arteries linings undergo change at cellular level, and these changes affect artery functions, leading to lung diseases and pulmonary artery changes which includ e tightening of arteries walls, or these walls get stiffened at birth or from outgrowth of cells, or blood clots in the arteries; all these will make it harder for the heart to pump blood through the arteries in to the lungs (13). Other causes of PH include dermatomyositis, systemiclupuserythematosus,  sarcoidosis,  human immuno-deficiency virus  (HIV),  advanced  liver disease, Sickle cell anemia (12, 13), use of anti-obesity drugs; cocaine  and  methamphetaminescan (1,12, 13), obesity with reduced ability to breathe (pickwickian syndrome) , extensive loss of lung tissue from surgery or trauma(1). Also PH can be genically inherited through parents (12, 13). Diagnosing PH In a patient suspected of having PH, diagnosis is confirmed with a family history, a physical examination, and diagnostic tests, and procedures (11). The physical examination is done by auscultation, inspection of swelling in the legs and ankles (11), examination of the jugular vein in the neck for engorgement, examination of the abdomen, legs, and ankles for fluid retention, and nail beds for cyanosis (13). Diagnostic tests include electrocardiogram (ECG), chest radiography, echocardiography, testing for connective tissue disorders and other conditions, ventilation perfusion scan, pulmonary function testing, and assessment of functional status, right heart catheterization (13), pulmonary angiogram, blood test, and over night oximetry (13, 11). If the ECG indicates abnormality, it suggests right heart failure (12), and may indicate right ventricular hypertrophy and strain (13), or presence of PAH. Abnormalities include right axis deviation, right ventricular hypertrophy and strain pa tterns, and right atrial enlargement (13). Chest radiography indicates any enlargement in the right heart ventricle or pulmonary arteries (11, 13), and it is mostly found with idiopathic PAH patients; however asymptomatic PAH has normal radiographic findings (13). The testing of connective tissue disorders is by serologic testing, and to test the presence of conditions such as scleroderma, CREST syndrome mixed connective tissue disorder, and systemic lupus erythematosus (13). Ventilation perfusion scan is another diagnostic tool to detect blood clots in pulmonary arteries (11, 12) and it is used to diagnose and differentiate between thrombo-embolic PH and idiopathic PH (11, 13), with sensitivity of 90% to 100%, and specificity of 94% to 100% (13). Pulmonary function testing is used to diagnose chronic obstructive disease (COPD), which can be a cause of PH (11, 12); it is also used exclude airway and parenchymal lung diseases, which can contribute to the development of pulmonary hype rtension, but these findings are not specific (13). The functional status of PH patient should be assessed with a 6-minute walk test and cardiopulmonary exercise test (12, 13); the 6-minute walk test determines exercise tolerance level and blood oxygen saturation level during exercise (16). A cardiopulmonary exercise test measures heart and lung functions during exercise on a bicycle or treadmill (12). The gold standard to confirm the diagnosis of P.H. is right heart catheterization (11); it is useful in assessing the severity of pulmonary hypertension (13). It is done by inserting a catheter into the femoral nerve or into the subclavian nerve. The catheter is connected to a device that can monitor and measure blood pressure in the right side of the heart and pulmonary arteries (11). Right-heart catheterization can also determine mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean right atrial pressure, and cardiac index; another use of it is excluding other etiologies of pulmonary hypertension, s uch asintracardiac shunting and left-sided heart disease (13). The response of certain medications, such as acute vasodilators, can be assessed during right heart catheterization (11, 13). Other additional tests used in diagnosing PH are various types of blood testing. These are complete metabolic panel (CMP) to examine liver and kidney function, autoantibody blood tests, such as ANA, ESR, and others to screens for collagen vascular diseases, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) screening, HIV test, arterial blood gases (ABG), complete blood count (CBC) to test for infection, elevated hemoglobin, and anemia, and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (16). To detect sleep apnea nocturnal oximetry or overnight oximetry may be used; it is common to have low oxygen level during sleep with P.H. patient (12, 13, 16). Signs and symptoms In the early stage, PH is asymptomatic or have no specific signs or symptoms (11, 14). These symptoms and signs include cough, fatigue (11) dizziness, fainting and a bluish cast on lips and skin (14), shortness of breath, tiredness, chest pain, a racing heartbeat, feeling lightheaded, swelling in legs and ankles (12). These can be indications for any other disease. As a consequence of non-specificity, diagnosis will be delayed; and the mean time from symptom onset to diagnosis is about two years (13). The symptoms of PH are manifestations of impaired oxygen transport and reduced cardiac output, and the most frequent symptom is dyspnea, which occurs in 60% of patients (13). As symptoms advance, patients complain of dyspnea, exercise intolerance, fatigue, chest pain, and angina (13, 11). Most PH patients get right ventricular hypertrophy, followed by dilation and right ventricular heart failure (1). The symptoms of right heart failure include peripheral edema, abdominal distension, dec reased appetite, early satiety, profound dyspnea, exercises intolerance (13). Other signs include systolic ejection murmur across the pulmonary valve, increased jugular venous pressure, tricuspid regurgitation, hepatomegaly and ascites, and peripheral edema (13). Other physical signs are cyanosis (point of presence of right to left shunting), decreased cardiac output, impairment in intrapulmonary gas transfer, and pulmonary congestion and left sided heart disease, while decreased breath sounds and wheezing are suggestive of fibrosis and pulmonary parenchymal disease (13). Treatment The medical treatment program starts with the avoidance of activities that may exacerbate condition (1), and it is generally includes taking medications, making lifestyle and dietary changes, and maybe having surgery (16). Medications are also used, depending on the type and severity of PH (16). PAH is treated by oral Ca channel blockers (verapamil), endothelin-receptor antagonist (bosentan-ambrisentan- sildenafil  ), ,  digoxin,  diuretics, and oral  anticoagulants (1, 4). The other PH types  involve management of the underlying disorder. Patients with pulmonary hypertension from left-sided heart disease may need surgery for valvular disease. Patients with lung disorders and hypoxia benefit from supplemental O2 as well as treatment of the primary disorder.Patients with severe pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic thromboembolic disease should be considered for pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Under cardiopulmonary bypass, organized endothelialized thrombus is dissected along the pulmonary trunk in a procedure more complex than acute surgical embolectomy (1). Vasoactive substances in general are used in treating different groups of PH. This category of medications includes prostaglandins, endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, and activators of soluble guanylate cyclase (4). The surgical solution can be one of these options, either atrial septostomy, lung transplantation, or pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (4, 16). PT role The PT role in PH is more rehabilitative in nature more than therapeutic, and it has different programs customized to each patient, and depends on the clinic or hospital approach. Pulmonary rehabilitation, according to Salt lake regional medical centre, is an outpatient program which will help the patients to learn lung self care, and easier breathing (19). In this centre, complete diagnostic testing is provided, and it includes ECG, chest x-ray, echocardiogram, pulmonary function tests, 6-minute walk tests, nuclear lung scan, CT scanning of the chest, right heart catheterization (19). In the North West therapy centre, assessment is done at the beginning by a team, including respiratory therapist, physical therapist, and  social worker. The respiratory therapist focuses on breathing mechanics, education, aerobic conditioning and endurance for improved efficiency, pacing, and medication mechanics. The physical therapist helps in strengthening exercise, balance training, walking mech anics, postural education, energy conservation, assigning a home exercise program to maintain strength and coordination gains, looking for orthopedic complications to therapy, and makes appropriate adjustment to plans of treatment. The last member of the team is the social worker who is considered as a resource center for services in community. These services include helping in smoking cessation, supporting for adjustment, grief, depression, and socialization disorders, weight management, nutrition support, and cognitive behavioral therapy (20). Pulmonary rehabilitation (21) Since physical therapy provides rehabilitation role, the PH patient should go through a pulmonary rehabilitation program, which is an individually designed intervention program, including exercise  and education that helps patients manage the symptoms of their condition and improve their level of daily functioning and well-being (3). This program will be discussed from different aspects its purpose, basic components, precaution, process, patient preparation, and expected results. The goals The purpose of this program is to help increase the fitness level of the patient and independent functioning, reduce dyspnea, slow down or prevent the development of disease, and improve quality of life. Pulmonary rehabilitation and cardiac rehabilitation walk complement each other because the main purpose of cardiac rehabilitation is to reverse the de-conditioning and psychosocial enhancements of pulmonary disability. Components Pulmonary rehabilitation has basic treatment components and they are breathing exercise, coughing, percussion, postural drainage, and vibration. Breathing exercise helps in removing secretions, relaxation, and to increase thoracic cage mobility. This exercise is done by teaching the patient to produce a full inspiration followed by a controlled expiration, while placing a hand at the end of rib cage and under the chest for sensory feedback. Coughing is also for secretion removal but from larger airways and it is done through steps. The patient should inhale, close the glottis, contract the expiratory muscle, then open the glottis. Both breathing exercise and coughing are done when the patient restore the ability to breath normally. Percussion is usually used with postural drainage and both are used to mobilize secretions retained in lungs. Percussion is a rhythmic clapping of cupped hands over bare skin or thin material covering area of lung involvement, performed during inspiration and expiration. Postural drainage is a technique that involves gravity by positioning the patient to have the involved lung segment be the uppermost, which will assist in mobilizing the secretions. Another therapeutic technique is vibration, which is intermittent chest wall compression over area of lung involvement, performed during expiration only, and used along with postural drainage. The later three techniques are used when coughing or suctioning, breathing exercises, and patient mobilization are not adequate to clear retained secretions. Precautions and contraindications As with any other treatment precautions and contraindications should be taken in consideration in case of PH patients during their rehabilitation program. A patient should get full medical examination before setting the program. In some cases when a patient has a medical issue, it may interfere with the treatment and limit the exercises. In this case, the program should be modified. Conditions that may contraindicate participation in pulmonary rehabilitation include acute respiratory  infection,  ischemic cardiac disease, congestive  heart failure,  serious  liver  dysfunction, disabling stroke, severe psychiatric or cognitive disorders, severe pulmonary hypertension,  and metastatic  cancer. Rehabilitation process Pulmonary rehabilitation is a punitive, expansive program of education, exercise, and behavior alteration, individually designed for patients with lung diseases. The rehabilitation program is designed to help patients learn more about their condition and how to concert its symptoms, as well as to take active steps, such as smoking cessation, oxygen use, and exercise. This program aims to improve the patients level of physical functioning, stop the advancement of the disease as much as possible, and learn how to better live with the condition. Improved physical functioning, reduction in the symptoms of the disease, and ability to fulfill activities of daily living (ADLs) more easily and independently can add to improved quality of life. Rehabilitation program A typical program takes a few weeks to a few months, and takes to three hours per session for a few days each week. During these sessions the patient should learn to manage the program independently, as home program. Patients participating in rehabilitation could be inpatients or outpatients. A daily program should consist of two main components, and they are exercise and education. The purpose of the exercise is to maintain or improve muscle strength, endurance and overall fitness. In order to prescribe an exercise, blood pressure, heart  rate, oxygen saturation, and dyspnea levels should be evaluated, also exercise has to be monitored by physical therapists, respiratory nurses, or other qualified health care providers. A regular exercise program can upgrade overall fitness and energy, and make fulfillment of ADLs easier. The exercise program includes periods of warm-up and cool-down period, and aerobic activity. The warm-up and cool-down periods may include stretching and light strength or resistance training. Exercises involving upper and lower extremities are important for general fitness and for improvement in function during different activities. Some of the muscle groups used in arm and upper torso positioning serve respiratory functions, and thus upper limb exercises can also have a profitable effect on ventilation. The aerobic exercise component is composed of activities such as walking or using a stationary bicycle, treadmill, or other equipment. Exercise is controlled by physical therapists, respiratory nurses, or other qualified health care member. Ventilatory training may also be involved in the exercise program for certain patients. This therapy involves controlled breathing exercises,  chest physical therapy  techniques such as postural drainage, chest percussion, directed cough, and vibration, and training of the inspiratory muscles. The educational component of the rehabilitation program consists of classes, manuals, and counseling or training sessions that cover different subjects, procedures, and issues, which concern patients with PH or any other chronic pulmonary disease. Education is provided by a brand of professionals, including respiratory nurses, respiratory therapists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, social workers, and dieticians. A psychologist or other mental health professional may provide counseling and direction to address mark depression, anxiety, and social isolation, which are related to symptoms of pulmonary disease. Some of the educational subjects covered include anatomy and physiology related to pulmonary function and disease, exercise theory,  nutrition,  techniques for using oxygen and inhalers, and ways to conserve energy. Education related to proper nutrition and weight control can be helpful, because patients may be undernourished and have muscle wasting of the respi ratory muscles, which can make breathing more difficult. If anemia is present, it can decrease oxygen-carrying capacity. Electrolyte imbalances affect cardiopulmonary performance, so these and other deficits should be treated in order to enhance functioning. If patients are overweight, the extra weight increases oxygen and energy consumption and may increase fatigue. Patients who have not yet ceased smoking should be strongly encouraged to do so. Patient preparation After being referred and examined by a physician, a medical history of the patient should be taken by the rehabilitation team, and some tests must be done prior to the rehabilitation program. These tests are pulmonary function tests (PFTs), chest X-rays, arterial  blood  gas (ABG) analysis, pulse oximetry, and sputum examination. PFTs are performed with a spirometer to measure lung performance and indicate the presence and extent of lung disease. A chest X-ray can show emphysema and other lung disease, including  lung cancer,  for which there is increased risk among smokers with pulmonary disease. Pulse oximetry helps determine when supplemental oxygen is required and measures oxygen in the blood. Exercise tests may be used to prescribe the length and intensity of the exercise. Expected complications Risk of complications such as muscle injury or cardiac reactions is always come up with exercise, but will be eliminated by careful exercise prescription and monitoring. Disease-related complications that should be monitored include  fever,  unusual or extreme shortness of breath, irregular pulse, unanticipated weight changes, gastric complaints, or any other change that is unusual for the patient. Conclusion Pulmonary hypertension is indicated when pulmonary artery pressure is higher than 25 mm Hg at rest, and more than 30 mm Hg during activity. PH is due to constricted or stiffening of the pulmonary arteries. PH is classified in to five groups, based on the underlying cause. PH is asymptomatic or has no specific signs or symptoms, but later, the patient may complain of dyspnea, exercise intolerance, fatigue, chest pain, and angina. PH treatment protocol consists of making lifestyle and dietary changes, medications, rehabilitation program, and maybe having surgery. Physical therapy plays an important role in rehabilitating PH patients. PT aims to help increase the fitness level of the patient and independent functioning, through exercise programs and education.

Ebola Virus: Symptoms And Effects :: Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

1. INTRODUCTION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. HISTORY OF VIRUS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. AFRICA, ZAIRE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. 1970   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. SYMPTOMS AND AFFECTS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. BLEEDING, HEMORRHAGING   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. DEATH W/IN 20 DAYS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. CURES   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. NONE KNOWN   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  D. INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS 2. HISTORY OF VIRUS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. WHERE IT STARTED   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. SCIENTISTS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. HOW IT IS SPREAD   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. NON AIRBORNE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. BODILY CONTACT   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. WHERE IT EXISTS TODAY 3. SYMPTOMS AND EFFECTS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. SEVERE FEVER, ABDOMINAL PAIN   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. INSIDES â€Å"MELT†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. DEATH RATES AND TOTALS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2 SURVIVORS, BUT EBOLA VIRUS AS THE CAUSE WAS NOT   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  VERIFIED 4. CURES   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. NONE KNOWN CURES, RESEARCH BEING PERFORMED ON   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MONKEYS.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ebola virus is a relatively recently discovered virus, that when it infects humans, caries with it a 50-90% fatality rate. Symptoms of this deadly virus include Sudden Fever, Weakness, Muscle Pain, Headache, Sore Throat, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Rash. Internal results include Limited Kidney Function, Limited Liver Function, and Internal and External Bleeding.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The incubation period for the Ebola virus ranges from 2 to 21 days, depending upon the method of infection. A direct inoculation of the virus into the bloodstream of a human will bring about symptoms markedly faster than other forms of less direct contact. The virus is present in the male's reproductive fluids, and can be transmitted through sexual contact for up to 7 weeks after clinical recovery from the Ebola virus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Ebola virus can be diagnosed with laboratory testing of blood specimens under maximum containment conditions - because of the high risk of infection to those handling infected blood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is currently no treatment or vaccination available for the Ebola virus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Transmission of the Ebola virus occurs by direct contact with the bodily fluids of patients infected with the virus. The handling of chimpanzees that are either ill or have died from the Ebola virus can also transmit the virus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Any suspicion of infection with the Ebola virus should be treated with extreme caution: immediate isolation from other patients and strict barrier nursing techniques must be practiced. All instruments, clothing, or biological matter must be either disposed of or thoroughly disinfected immediately.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The initial outbreaks of the Ebola virus occurred in 1976. Springing forth from unknown origins, this virus held the nations of Zaire in fear as it quickly claimed the lives of many of it's citizens. As this was the first recorded outbreak of the Ebola virus, the medical community was unsure of how to handle Ebola. The level of care in Zaire during this outbreak was very low, and as a result of the many infected victims congregated in public areas, the virus continued to spread among the denizens of Zaire. The intervening years have slowly produced scientific data on the nature of the virus - yet treatment is still

Analysis of Competition on the Book “Maus”

Competition in Maus The book Maus addresses the issue of the Holocaust and tells the story of Vladek in detail, a man who survived Auschwitz. However, one of the most striking things about the story is not the surviving issue, but how it reveals the relationship between Vladek and his son. Competition is everywhere in the story. In the first book Vladek had a competitive relationship with his son Artie, but throughout the story the competition falls into the hands of Artie and Richieu, the dead brother.Artie is constantly struggling with the broken relationship he has with his father. When talking to Pavel, Artie says: â€Å"No matter what I have accomplished, it doesn’t seem like much compared to surviving Aushwitz† (II, 45). Artie’s life experiences and those of his father are completely different and this difference seems to increase the distance between them. People have different stories and backgrounds, but their skills and greatness can’t be measure d by one individual event, such as the Holocaust.Due to this eternal competition imposed by his father, Artie's purpose for writing the book may have started in order to record family history, but this was a superficial cover attempting to overcome his deeper feelings of inferiority he felt while around his father. â€Å"He loved showing off how handy he was†¦ and proving that anything I did was all wrong. He made me completely neurotic about fixing stuff†¦ One reason I became an artist was that he thought it was impractical-just a waste of time†¦ It was an area where I wouldn’t have to compete with him† (I, 97).In fact, Artie did show his competence through writing the book and being able to portrait his dad’s story so well. A passage that demonstrates how Vladek always seems to be making Artie feel incompetent is when Vladek knocks over a his bottle of pills and blames it on Artie. â€Å"Look now what you made me do! † (I, 30). Even thoug h Vladek knows it was his own fault, he doesn’t want to admit it. Then Artie tells him â€Å"Okay, I’ll re-count them later†. 30), but Vladek replies saying that Artie doesn’t know how to count his pills and adds â€Å"I’m an expert for this† (30). These two quotes clearly show how Vladek is always trying to prove himself better than his son. Vladek never gives Artie the chance to prove that he is capable of doing anything and this increases the distance between father and son. Another example of Vladek's necessity for dominance is shown when he accidently breaks a plate and gets really upset. Artie tries to remedy the ituation and offers to do the dishes, but his father replies in his broken English, â€Å"No. You can defrost out the turkey legs†¦ you only would break me the rest of my plates† (II, 73). Vladek is always trying to give him easier jobs and won't admit that Artie is equally capable of anything because this would pu t a hole in his credibility. With credibility comes dominance, and without it he loses it. If he loses his dominance over Artie, this would free Artie from the comparison trap because he wouldn't feel inferior anymore.On the second book, Artie tells Francoise about Richieu and how his parents had always had a picture of the dead brother in their room, but never a picture of Artie. â€Å"The photo never threw tantrums or got in any kind of trouble†¦ it was an ideal kid, and I was a pain the ass. I couldn’t compete† (II, 15). Due to this eternal competition with Richieu, Artie was caught in a â€Å"competition trap† that he struggled with his whole life. This boxed Artie in. Because everything he did was compared to an unrepeatable experience, Artie could never break out of the competition trap.This trap would always hold him back. Artie lived in a new time with new opportunities, but he still couldn’t let go of this unspoken competition with his ghost brother. One of the most effective images in the novel was on the very last panel, when Vladek says â€Å"I'm tired from talking, Richieu, it's enough stories for now† (II 136). This scene illustrates the preference Vladek has for his first son, Richieu. In choosing this quote to be the last one in the book Artie displays that this competition with his brother has no end.The fact that Artie dedicated the book to Richieu is another display of this, that even though they never met, Vladek was able to bring Richieu alive in Artie's life. This passage also demonstrates how much Vladek still wishes Richieu was there with him. It is definitely painful for Artie to be called Richieu. In addition to this last quote, Artie also chose to dedicate the book to Richieu, Vladek and Richieu felt the direct pain of the holocaust, and as much as Artie tried he would only be able to experience its indirect effects, and this would never hold up in any comparison.Sibling rivalry built up in Art ie's veins, but as most siblings have ways to exchange this equally, Artie was in a unique situation. Not only could he never experience the things Richieu did, he could never exchange any emotions. Richieu was only a photo, and yet Vladek always unconsciously made sure Richieu’s life affected Artie. Artie was never going to be good enough for his father, or his ghost brother. He was stuck in a constant competition with someone no longer living. Writing Maus was what he did to relieve what was forced on him.Most books written about the holocaust are full of the direct effects, but his book took a new spin on the topic by focusing on the indirect effects. He would never stop competing with his brother. This is evident up to the last quote of the story when Vladek calls Artie by his dead brother’s name, which just goes to show that Artie is still upset by this competition. Work Cited: Spiegelman, Art. Maus: A Survivor's Tale, I : My Father Bleeds History. New York: Panth eon, 1986. Spiegelman, Art. Maus: A Survivor's Tale, II : And Here my Troubles Began. New York: Pantheon, 1986.

Battles of Lexington and Concord - 1400 Words

Introduction The Battles of Lexington and Concord occurred on 19 April 1775 between the British Regulars and the Patriot Militia, also known today as Americans, in the Massachusetts towns of Lexington and Concord. â€Å"The Battles of Lexington and Concord is often referred to as the â€Å"Shot Heard Around the World† and the beginning of the American Revolutionary War† (Fischer, 1994). The Battles of Lexington and Concord consisted of in four events: the skirmish in Lexington between the British Regulars and the Lexington Training Band, the search and seizure of arms, munitions and military stores in Concord, the battles between the Regulars and the militias during the march of the Regulars back to Boston and the surrounding of Boston by the†¦show more content†¦General Gage understood that detaining the key leaders would not prove fruitful and therefore changed the mission to strictly searching for and seizing arms, munitions, supplies, and military stores. General Gage g ave this mission to Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith with very discreet orders to not brief his soldiers as to what the exact mission would be. General Gage also appointed Major John Pitcairn as the Executive Officer for the mission. â€Å"The initial mission would consist of approximately 700 British Regulars, who were pulled from 11 of General Gage’s 13 infantry regiments. Major Pitcairn would command 10 elite infantry companies and Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin Bernard would command 11 grenadier companies. Of the 700 Regulars assigned to conduct the mission, 350 were from the grenadier companies: 4th (King’s Own), 5th, 10th, 18th (Royal Irish), 23rd, 38th, 43rd, 47th, 52nd and 59th Regiments of Foot as well as the 1st battalion of the 1st Battalion of His Majesty’s Marine Forces. There was approximately 320 light infantry assigned the role of protecting the grenadier units. These light infantry Regulars were from the 4th, 5th, 10th, 23rd, 38th, 43rd, 47th, 52n d and 59th Regiments and the 1st Battalion of the Marines† (Fischer, 1994). The 700 Regulars were to move from Boston to Concord through a two phaseShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Lexington And Concord1493 Words   |  6 PagesMen will always fight to defend their property and their independence. This was evident in the Battle of Lexington and Concord which was one of the first battles of the Revolutionary War and the first step towards America’s independence. This battle was fought between the sophisticated British Army, also known as the Redcoats, and local the colonist men also known as minutemen. The colonies were overmatched in size and equipment however that did not stop them from fighting for their weapons and mostRead MoreThe Battle Of Lexington And Concord1493 Words   |  6 PagesMen will always fight to defend their property and their independence. This was evident in the Battle of Lexington and Concord which was one of the first battles of the Revolutionary War and the first step towards America’s independence. This battle was fought between the sophisticated British Army, also known as the Redcoats, and local the colonist men also known as minutemen. The colonies were overmatched in size and equipment however that did not stop them from fighting for their weapons and mostRead MoreBattle Of Lexington And Concord1708 Words   |  7 Pagesarms! Ye villains, ye rebels† (1775, 04/19: Battles of Lexington and Concord. (2007, June 26). The militiamen, who were greatly outnumbered, were ordered to leave when a shot rang out. No one really knows who fired first, but the British, hearing the shot, fired upon the small group of militia, killing eight and wounding 10 (1775, 04/19: Battles of Lexington and Concord. (2007, June 26). When the smoke cleared the British began their march to Concord to search for weapons. They planned to burnRead MoreThe Battle Of Lexington And Concord1939 Words   |  8 PagesThis year the National History Day topic theme is â€Å"Taking a Stand†. When I think about a significant time in history where people made a stand for a cause against seemingly insurmountable odds, I think of the Battle of Lexington and Concord. American colonists, often known as the Patriots, stood up against British troops, preventing them from seizing their weapons and ammunition and capturing the leaders of the rebellion. It was this stand that began the American Revolution. The Patriot’s standRead MoreThe Battle Of Lexington And Concord940 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Did you know that Lexington and Concord was a small fight? The Battle of Lexington and Concord was fought on April 19, 1775. Tension had been building up for many years between the British and Colonists. On the night of April 18, 1775, British troops marched from Boston to Concord in order to take weapons from the colonists. Paul Revere had found out this information and so he and other colonists moved the weapons. Paul Revere and other riders sounded an alarm. Colonial military menRead MoreThe Battle Of Lexington And Concord1263 Words   |  6 Pagesheard round the world†¦Ã¢â‚¬  primary source Ralph Waldo Emerson’s poem â€Å"Concord Hymn† was written about the Battle of Lexington and Concord. Although this poem is not a good answer on who shot first during this battle, it does open the idea about the battle itself and makes you think who shot first. I believe that the Americans shot first at this Battle. What happened at the Battle of Lexington and Concord? Though it has been called a battle, it was more of a skirmish. It happened on April 19th the yearRead MoreThe Battle Of Lexington And Concord Essay732 Words   |  3 PagesAfter the bloodshed at Lexington and Concord in April of 1775, about 20,000 Minutemen swarmed around Boston, where they outnumbered the British. The Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775, with no real intention of independence, but merely a desire to continue fighting in the hope that the king and Parliament would consent to a redress of grievances. It sent another list of grievances to Parliament. It also adopted measures to raise money for an army and a navy. It also selectedRead MoreMy First Lesson On The Battle Of Lexington And Concord960 Words   |  4 PagesFriday I did not attend because it was fall break for WIU so I decided to go home for the weekend. On Tuesday the students worked on Cornell notes for several headings in their textbook. Then on Wednesday I taught my first lesson on the battles of Lexington and Concord. The students analyzed two primary source documents then as a class we discussed their similarities and differences. The lesson went well despite the fact that two-thirds of the class was missing due to state testing. The fact that majorityRead MoreThe Shot Heard Round the World700 Words   |  3 Pagesstart of the Battle of Lexington which was the first official battle of the Revolutionary War. On April 19th, 1775 British troops were marching to Lexington where many militia were already awaiting their arrival. The British were after the ammunition of the militia. Paul Revere had warned the militia ahead of time so that they could be prepared. They removed their stockpiles of ammunition from their hiding places and moved them to a new shelter. When the British arrived at Lexington, the militiaRead MoreLexington And Concord : American Revolution1551 Words   |  7 PagesLexington and Concord Begins American Revolution On an â€Å"unremarkably clear and pleasant† day in April 19, 1775, the shot that was said to had been able to be heard around the world was fired. (A Guide to Battles) This began the battles in which we know as Lexington and Concord, and the war we know as the Glorious/American revolution. It was fought between the British whom had feared American retaliation for some time, and the American Colonies whom were tired of feeling oppressed by the British